The Rich History of Peridot
Peridot has one of the longest documented histories of any gemstone, with records of its mining dating back to 1500 BCE. The ancient Egyptians mined peridot on Zabargad Island (formerly St. John's Island) in the Red Sea, which was the primary source of the gem for over 3,500 years. The Egyptians called it the "gem of the sun" and believed it protected against nightmares and evil spirits.
In ancient times, peridot was often confused with emerald and other green gems. Cleopatra's famous emerald collection may have actually been peridot. During the Crusades, many "emeralds" were brought back to Europe, only to be later identified as peridots. Some of the "emeralds" adorning the Shrine of the Three Holy Kings in the Cologne Cathedral in Germany are actually large peridots.
In Hawaii, peridot symbolizes the tears of Pele, the goddess of fire and volcanoes. Small peridot crystals can be found on some Hawaiian beaches, formed from the volcanic lava. In the Middle Ages, peridot was used as a talisman to ward off evil spirits and to bring eloquence and happiness to the wearer.
Today, while the ancient Egyptian mines are largely depleted, peridot is mined in several locations around the world, with significant deposits found in Arizona, China, and Pakistan. The gem continues to be valued for its unique, vibrant green color and rich historical significance.
